CW44+Disarmament

= Disarmament Agreements 1987-1991 =

(See Timeline p.135 and details pp.136-7)


 * Summit: **Reykjavik** - October 1986. Gorbachev and Reagan, after long negotiations, agreed to reduce arms to 100 nuclear warheads each. The negotiations collapsed with Reagan’s refusal to give in on the Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI).
 * February 1987, Gorbachev initiated renewal of discussions for separate Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty.
 * Summit: **Washington** - December 1987. **INF Treaty** signed. Eliminated all missiles with a range of 500-5000 km.
 * Summit: **Moscow** - May/June 1988. After the INF Treaty was ratified by the US and USSR, Gorbachev and Reagan met to formalise adoption of treaty. Agreed on need for further arms reduction.
 * [[image:http://news.bbc.co.uk/media/images/40653000/jpg/_40653860_malta_ap_238.jpg align="right" caption="Malta 1989: The Cold War is over."]]December 1988 - Gorbachev addressed UN: wide-ranging speech, covering commitment to peace and renunciation of Brezhnev Doctrine, among other things.
 * Summit: **Malta** - December 1989. Bush and Gorbachev met at Malta following the collapse of communism is Eastern Europe. They did not conclude any specific agreements, but set the stage for future arms reductions and //**declared that the Cold War had ended**//!
 * July 1991, **START Treaty** signed. Negotiations had begun in 1982 but broke down as a result of Reagan’s SDI. Renewed negotiations under Gorbachev and Bush resulted in an agreement which halved the nuclear arsenal of US and USSR.